Web Information Systems

**Architecture of Web Information Systems and Digital Libraries**
Books	Online Periodicals	Useful Web sites	Digital Libraries and E-Publishing	READINGS: Libraries & Web	Documents, content, and data	Metadata: data about data
Information Discovery	Inoperability	Rights Management	Special Digital Libraries	Longevity	Scholarly Communication	Official Views

General Readings on Digital Libraries and Distributed Information

Books - available at Amazon.com

William Y. Arms, Digital Libraries. MIT Press, 2000. ISBN=0262011808
Christine L. Borgman, From Gutenberg to the Global Information Infrastructure : Access to Information in the Networked World. MIT Press, 2000. ISBN=026202473X
Tim Berners-Lee, et. al., Weaving the Web: The Original Design and Ultimate Destiny of the World Wide Web, Harper, 2000. ISBN=006251587X.
Michael Lesk, Practical Digital Libraries : Books, Bytes, and Bucks. Morgan Kaufmann, 1997. ISBN=1558604596
Gerard Salton, Dynamic Information and Library Proecessing, Prentice-Hall, 1975, ISBN=0132213257
Elaine Svenonius, The intellectual foundation of information organization, MIT Press, 2000, ISBN=0262194333

Online Periodicals

Ariadne, http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/
D-Lib Magazine, http://www.dlib.org/
Journal of Electronic Publishing, http://www.press.umich.edu/jep/
Journal of Digital Information, http://jodi.ecs.soton.ac.uk/
RLG DigiNews, http://www.rlg.org/preserv/diginews/

Useful web sites

Coalition for Networked Information, http://www.cni.org/
Internet Engineering Task Force, http://www.ietf.org/
NSF Digital Libraries Initiative, http://dli2.nsf.gov.
W3C: The World Wide Web Consortium, http://www.w3.org/

Examples of Digital Libraries and E-Publishing

Cornell University Library Gateway, http://campusgw.library.cornell.edu/
CS/Physics/Math ePrint archvie, http://arxiv.org.
Hein-on-line legal research library, http://heinonline.org.
Legal Information Institute (Cornell Law School), http://www.law.cornell.edu
The ACM Digital Library, http://www.acm.org/dl/
The Alexandria Digital Library (University of California, San Diego), http://www.alexandria.ucsb.edu/
American Memory (Library of Congress), http://memory.loc.gov
The IEEE Explore System, http://www.ieee.org/ieeexplore/ (after January 2000)
JSTOR (Journal Storage), http://www.jstor.org/
HighWire Press (Stanford University), http://www.highwire.org/
Netlib (University of Tennessee), http://www.netlib.org/
Perseus (Tufts University), http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/
ResearchIndex (NEC), http://researchindex.org/

Readings

Libraries and the web

President's Information Technology Advisory Committee: Panel on Digital Libraries, Digital Libraries: Universal Access to Human Knowledge, PITAC February 2001. http://www.itrd.gov/pubs/pitac/pitac-dl-9feb01.pdf.

Library Bill of Rights, American Library Association, http://www.wvmccd.cc.ca.us/wvc/library/rights.html.
Keystone Principles, ARL/OCLC Strategic Issues Forum 1999, http://www.arl.org/newsltr/207/keystone.html
Yale University Library, Departments & Staff Directory, http://130.132.146.110/directory/.
Simple ARL Ranking, http://fisher.lib.virginia.edu/newarl/list.html.

Bush, V. 1945. As We May Think. In: “Atlantic Monthly” http://www.isg.sfu.ca/~duchier/misc/vbush/vbush-all.shtml
Gromov, G. R., History of Internet and WWW: The Roads and Crossroads of Internet History, http://www.netvalley.com/intval1.html. (There are nine successive pages in this story)
Berners-Lee, T. 1989, Information Management: A Proposal, http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html

Documents, content, and data

IFLA Study Group on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, Chapter 3 "Entities", http://www.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr.pdf.
Buckland, M., What is a "document"?, in "Journal of the American Society of Information Science", September 1997, http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/~buckland/whatdoc.html.

Karen Sollins and Larry Masinter, Functional Requirements for Uniform Resource Names. Internet RFC 1737, December 1994. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1737.txt
van der Werf-Davelaar, Titia. 12 March 1999. Identification, location and versioning of web-resources.

http://www.kb.nl/coop/donor/rapporten/URI.html

Sun, S and Lannom, L., Handle System Overview, http://www.handle.net/overview-current.html.
OCLC PURL Service. http://www.purl.org/

A Gentle Introduction to SGML. Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange (TEI P3), Chapter 2, edited by C. M. Sperberg-McQueen and Lou Burnard, 1994. (sections 1-3) , http://www-tei.uic.edu/orgs/tei/sgml/teip3sg/index.html
Walsh, N., A Technical Introduction to XML, XML.com, 1998, http://www.xml.com/pub/a/98/10/guide0.html
XHTML School, (7 chapters), http://www.w3schools.com/xhtml/default.asp.

T. Bray, D. Hollander, and A. Layman, Namespaces in XML, W3C REC-xml-names-19990114, January 14 1999. http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/.
T. Wilson, XSLT and XPath Tutorial, http://www.vbxml.com/xsl/tutorials/intro/default.asp.

D. Fallside, XML Schema Part 0: Primer, W3C 2001, http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-0/.
R. Kahn and R. Wilensky, A Framework for Distributed Digital Object Services, Corporation for National Research Initiatives, Reston, Working Paper cnri.dlib/tn95-01, 1995. http://www.cnri.reston.va.us/k-w.html.
T. Staples and R. Wayland, Virginia Dons FEDORA, D-Lib, 2000, http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july00/staples/07staples.html.

Metadata: data about data

Betty Furie, Understanding MARC Bibliographic: Machine Readable Cataloging, Library of Congress (Parts 1-6), http://lcweb.loc.gov/marc/umb/um01to06.html.
MARBI, The MARC 21 Formats: Background and Principles, Library of Congress, http://lcweb.loc.gov/marc/96principl.html
D. Levy, “Cataloging in the Digital Order,” presented at The Second Annual Conference on the Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries, 1995. http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/DL95/papers/levy/levy.html#RTFToC8.

S. Weibel, C. Lagoze, An Element Set to Support Resource Discovery, 1997, http://www.cs.cornell.edu/lagoze/papers/jodl.html.
Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, Version 1.1, Reference Description, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
C. Lagoze, C. Lynch, R. Daniel Jr., The Warwick Framework:

A Container Architecture for Aggregating Sets of Metadata

http://cs-tr.cs.cornell.edu/Dienst/Repository/2.0/Body/ncstrl.cornell/TR96-1593/html

Dublin Core Qualifiers, http://www.dublincore.org/documents/2000/07/11/dcmes-qualifiers/
C. Lagoze, Keeping Dublin Core Simple: Cross Domain Discovery or Research Description?, January 2001, http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january01/lagoze/01lagoze.html.
C. Lagoze and J. Hunter, The ABC Ontology and Model, November 2001, http://jodi.ecs.soton.ac.uk/Articles/v02/i02/Lagoze/.

E. Miller, An Introduction to the Resource Description Framework, May 1998, http://www.dlib.org/dlib/may98/miller/05miller.html.
Resource Description Framework (RDF) Model and Syntax Specification, W3C, 1999, http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-rdf-syntax-19990222/
T. Berners-Lee, et. al., The Semantic Web, Scientific American, May 2001, http://www.sciam.com/2001/0501issue/0501berners-lee.html.

Information Discovery

W.B. Croft, What Do People Want from Information Retrieval?, D-Lib, 1995, http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november95/11croft.html.
S. Brin and L. Page, The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Search Engine, 1998, http://www-db.stanford.edu/pub/papers/google.pdf

J. Kahan, Marja-Riitta Koivunen, Eric Prud'Hommeaux, Ralph R. Swick, Annotea: An Open RDF Infrastructure for Shared Web Annotations, WWW10, http://www10.org/cdrom/papers/488/index.html
C. Lagoze and J. Hunter, The ABC Ontology and Model, November 2001, http://jodi.ecs.soton.ac.uk/Articles/v02/i02/Lagoze/.
Annotated DAML+OIL Ontology Markup, March 2001, W3C, http://www.daml.org/2001/03/daml+oil-walkthru.html

C. A. Lynch, The Z39.50 Information Retrieval Standard; Part I: A Strategic View of Its Past, Present and Future, D-Lib Magazine, April, 1997, http://www.dlib.org/dlib/april97/04lynch.html
A. Paepcke, et. al., Search Middleware and the Simple Digital Library Interoperability Protocol, D-Lib Magazine, 5 (3), 2000, http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march00/paepcke/03paepcke.html

S. R. Kumar, et. al., The web as a graph, presented at Nineteenth ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART Symposium on Principles of Database Systems, Dallas, 2000, http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/290635.html.
A. Heydon and M. Najork, A Scalable, Extensible Web Crawler, World Wide Web, December, 1999, http://www.research.compaq.com/SRC/mercator/papers/www/paper.html

Interoperability

V. Kluev, Compiling Document Collections from the Internet, SIGIR Forum, 2000, http://www.acm.org/sigir/forum/F2000/Kluev00.pdf
Soumen Chakrabarti, Martin van den Berg, Byron Dom, Focused Crawling: a New Approach to Topic-specific Web Resource Discovery, 1999, WWW8, http://www8.org/w8-papers/5a-search-query/crawling/index.html
D. Bergmark, Collection Synthesis, 2002, http://mercator.comm.nsdlib.org/CollectionBuilding/bergmark-paper.pdf

A. Paepcke, et. al., Interoperability for Digital Libraries Worldwide, Communications of the ACM, 1998 http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/119879.html.
Lagoze, et. al, Core Services in the Architecture of the National Digital Library for Science Edituation, January 2002, http://arxiv.org/abs/cs.DL/0201025
C. Lagoze and H. Van de Sompel, The Open Archives Initiative: Building a low-barrier interoperability framework, presented at Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, Roanoke, VA, 2001, http://www.cs.cornell.edu/lagoze/papers/oai-final.pdf

Rights Management

Apr. 2

Charles C. Mann, "Who will own your next good idea?", Atlantic Monthly, September, 1998, <http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/98sep/copy.htm>
Jeff Howe, "Licensed to Bill," Wired Magazine <http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/9.10/drm.html>

Apr. 4

ContentGuard Inc., The Need for a Rights Language,, Technical White Paper Version 1.0, 201. http://www.xrml.org/reference/TheNeedForARightsLanguage.pdf.
S. Payette and C. Lagoze, Policy-Enforcing, Policy-Carrying Digital Objects, presented at Fourth European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, Lisbon, Portugal, 2000, http://www.cs.cornell.edu/lagoze/papers/payette-ecdl2000-draft.ps.

Longevity

M. Lesk, “Books into Bytes,” Scientific American, March, 1997, http://www.lesk.com/mlesk/sciam97/sciam97.html
S. Zacharek, '"Double Fold"' by Nicholson Baker', Salon, April 2001, http://www.salon.com/books/review/2001/04/27/baker/.

Rothenberg, J. Avoiding Technological Quicksand: Finding a Viable Technical Foundation for Digital Preservation, Council on Library and Information Resources, http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/rothenberg/contents.html
B. Kahle, Archiving the Internet, Scientific American, March, 1997, http://www.archive.org/sciam_article.html.
A. Kenney, et. al, Preservation Risk Management for Web Resources, D-Lib, 2002, http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january02/kenney/01kenney.html

Special Digital Libraries

P. Hoschka, Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) 1.0 Specification, World Wide Web Consortium, April 1998. http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/PR-smil-19980409
J. Hunter and S. Little, Building and Indexing a Distributed Multimedia Presentation Archive using SMIL, 2001, http://archive.dstc.edu.au/RDU/staff/jane-hunter/ECDL01/ECDL01.html

G. Janee, J. Frew, "The ADEPT Digital Library Architecture", JCDL 2002, http://alexandria.sdc.ucsb.edu/~gjanee/archive/2002/jcdl-adept.pdf.
L. Hill, J. Frew, and Q. Zheng, “Geographic Names: The Implementation of a Gazetteer in a Georeferenced Digital Library,” D-Lib Magazine, 5 (1), 1999. http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january99/hill/01hill.html

Scholarly Communication

To Publish and Perish, Policy Perspecitives, 7 (4), 1998. http://www.arl.org/scomm/pew/pewrept.html
Principles for Emerging Systems of Scholarly Publishing, 2000 http://www.arl.org/scomm/tempe.html.
S. Harnad, Free at Last: The Future of Peer-Reviewed Journals, D-Lib Magazine, 5 (12), 1999. http://www.dlib.org/dlib/december99/12harnad.html.

P. Caplan and W. Y. Arms, Reference Linking for Journal Articles, D-Lib Magazine, July/August, 1999, http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july99/caplan/07caplan.html.
H. Van de Sompel, O. Beit-Arie, Open Linking in the Scholarly Information Framework Using the OpenURL Framework, D-Lib, 2002, http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march01/vandesompel/03vandesompel.html.
S. Lawrence, K. Bollacker, and C. L. Giles, Digital Libraries and Autonomous Citation Indexing, IEEE Computer, 32 (6), pp. 67-71, 1999. http://www.neci.nec.com/~lawrence/papers/aci-computer98/aci-computer99.html

Official views

President's Information Technology Advisory Committee: Panel on Digital Libraries, Digital Libraries: Universal Access to Human Knowledge, PITAC February 2001. http://www.itrd.gov/pubs/pitac/pitac-dl-9feb01.pdf.
Waters, D.J. 1998. What are digital libraries? Council on Library and Information Resources. In: Issues, No. 4. http://www.clir.org/pubs/issues/issues04.html